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Extrait pdf de l’ouvrage :
Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 103
2003 IFAO
55 p.
gratuit - free of charge
Michel Baud, Dominique Farout, Yannis Gourdon, Nadine Moeller, Aurélie Schenk
Le cimetière F d’Abou Rawach, nécropole royale de Rêdjedef (IVe dynastie).
After two seasons of investigations at the so-called necropolis ‘F’ of Abou Rawash, it has been possible to determine that the cemetery mostly dates back to the IVth Dynasty, and not to the late Old Kingdom as it is generally assumed. This is amply demonstrated by the monumental size of the mastabas, their architecture, pottery and other criteria, revealed from a number of newly excavated or re-investigated structures. The connections with the nearby pyramid of Radjedef (1.5 km SW) are not only established on those chronological grounds, but also from a number of similarities in material culture (e.g., pottery or mudbrick types) and the "royal" character of the masonry. Furthermore, two King’s sons at least were buried in this cemetery, both connected to Radjedef. The investigations also revealed a number of new data which demonstrate that, in the domain of elite burials, this reign is innovative in several aspects, from chapel plans to decoration.
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Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 103
2003 IFAO
37 p.
gratuit - free of charge
Frédéric Colin
Le parfumeur ([pa ant]).
The demotic title pȝ ʿnṱ had not been recognised hitherto, the scholars usually translate it as "the myrrh". Actually, the meaning of this expression was not the name of a kind of resin, but the designation of the "myrrh specialist" or the "perfumer". This interpretation enabled the author to suggest new tanslations of some well-known demotic texts, their former translations being unsatisfactory. The same title has been also found in some hieroglyphic and hieratic texts, from the Middle Kingdom onwards till the Ptolemaic period. As members of the temple staff, the "perfumers" regularly performed their professional activities inside the sacred precincts; some of them played an important role in the preparation of the ointments used for the human and animal mummification.
- Frédéric Colin ( : 117476145)
Professeur d’égyptologie, UMR 7044, université de Strasbourg
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Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 103
2003 IFAO
21 p.
gratuit - free of charge
Hélène Cuvigny, Didier Devauchelle
Les avatars du chrysous dans l’Égypte ptolémaïque et romaine.
In Ptolemaic Egypt, xru!oË! (for xru!oË! !tatÆr) became an accounting device meaning 20 drachmas and corresponding to the deben of the demotic documents. In the phrase !uggrafØ trof›ti! érgur€ou xru!«n *k*a, érgur€ou is related to xru!«n, not to !uggrafØ trof›ti! as often surmised. It is doubtful that chrysous was ever used as a weight unit for gold in Greco-Roman Egypt, where the units in actual use were the mnaiaion and the tetartê, the tetartê being a quarter of a theoretical chrysous. The equivalence nb ḫm = tetartê and ʿ.wj wḫȜ = "pair of earrings" in the demotic marriage contracts, is proposed. P. Lille I 6 is the only Egyptian instance where chrysous is a weight unit, but for wool: in that case, it should correspond to the deben-weight. In Roman Egypt, xru!oË! or xru!oËn (scil. dhnãrion) refers primarily to the aureus. The old idea that the aureus, although not circulating in Egypt, was used in Lower Nubia to facilitate the trade with Ethiopia is shown to be wrong: it is only based on an ostracon from Pselchis and some proskynemata from Qirtasi; in these texts chrysoun means nothing but 100 drachmas (i.e. the theoretical value of an aureus).
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Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 103
2003 IFAO
34 p.
gratuit - free of charge
Sylvie Duchesne, Christiane Petit, Nathalie Baduel, Béatrix Midant-Reynes, Éric Crubézy
Le rôle des parures dans les cérémonies funéraires au prédynastique : l’exemple des sépultures d’enfants à Adaïma.
The status of adornment in graves, whether worn by the deceased or simply laid on or next to the body, can be explored by analysing eight predynastic tombs of children in the cemetery at Adaima in Upper Egypt. Following a thorough excavation carried out by anthropologists, archaeologists and experts in restoration, the diversity of different kinds of adornment became evident. This led the team to propose a reconstitution of the process of inhumation. The interpretation of the status of adornment was carried out by applying methods used in the anthropology of death. It thus became apparent that certain types of adornment were part of the funerary process, whereas others focused on the cultural or social aspect of the deceased. Only this last category can be used in a study of the socio-economic interpretation of funerary practices.
- Sylvie Duchesne ( : 110489586)
- Christiane Petit ( : 244155453)
- Nathalie Baduel ( : 243575076)
- Béatrix Midant-Reynes ( : 030156963)
Béatrix Midant-Reynes s’est spécialisée dans l’étude de la préhistoire égyptienne. Elle a dirigé, dans le cadre de l’Ifao, plusieurs chantiers de fouilles en Égypte, tous centrés sur la période prédynastique : Adaïma, en Haute Égypte (nécropoles et habitat), Kom el-Khilgan, dans le Delta oriental (nécropole), Tell el-Iswid, dans le Delta oriental (habitat). En 2015, elle a transmis la direction de la fouille de ce site à Nathalie Buchez. De 2000 à 2015, elle a codirigé le volet préhistoire du programme de prospection du bassin sud de Douch (oasis de Kharga). De 2010 à 2015, elle a été directrice de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale. Elle est actuellement directrice de recherche émérite au CNRS. Parmi les ouvrages publiés, deux sont adressés à un plus large public : Prehistory of Egypt, From the First Egyptians to the First Pharaohs, Londres, 2000, et Aux origines de l’Égypte. Du Néolithique à l’émergence de l’État, Paris, 2003. - Éric Crubézy ( : 035504579)
Extrait pdf de l’ouvrage :
Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 103
2003 IFAO
24 p.
gratuit - free of charge
Khaled El-Enany
Le saint thébain Montouhotep-Nebhépetrê.
This article deals with the veneration of Mentuhotep-Nebhepetre, since his death till the end of the New Kingdom, by pharaohs and individuals. More than fourty documents showing the worship of this king are given in a chronological order, starting by the Middle Kingdom and ending by the New Kingdom. The documents are varied and the majority comes from Thebes, especially its western bank. Mentuhotep-Nebhepetre was considered as a theban "saint" certainly because he was the founder of this capital, its first builder and the owner of one of its most important sanctuaries.
- Khaled El-Enany ( : 79118437)
Former Minister of Tourism & Antiquities, Egypt Ph.D. Montpellier Chevalier Arts & Lettres, France Order of Merit, Poland Order of Rising Sun, Japan
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Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 103
2003 IFAO
11 p.
gratuit - free of charge
Marc Étienne, Francis Janot, Guy Lecuyot
La mission du musée du Louvre à Saqqâra: un contexte de rejets d’embaumement.
In the sector of the mastaba of Akhethetep Nile-silt jars, which once contained mummification residues, have been found. In some of these jars there are traces of "white" natron, "black" natron found in canvas sachets, small straw fragments, remains of blackened wrappings, fragments of papyrus fibres and other vases. Clearly, most of these jars were not in their original arrangement as they had been carelessly abandoned there. These jars probably have no relation with the modest burials located in the sand layers to the east of the mastaba and which date from the end of the Pharaonic period or the beginning of the Ptolemaic period. They most certainly come from a slightly older group of tombs which were probably located close by. All of the pottery fragments are made of Nile silt. The pieces include large jars for the most part, but also bowls, a bottle, and small dishes which may have been used as jar lids.
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Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 103
2003 IFAO
16 p.
gratuit - free of charge
Adel Farid
A New Suggestion on the Sign Heading the Witness List in Demotic Legal Texts.
This article offers a solution to the problem of reading, understanding and meaning of the demotic sign heading the witness lists in demotic legal documents. The author reaches the conclusion that this was certainly a linguistic sign and had hieroglyphic origin or and phonetic value sȝw and had with all certainly a meaning "protection", "guard", "escort", "watch", "keep hold", "maintain".
- Adel Farid ( : 069508232)
Extrait pdf de l’ouvrage :
Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 103
2003 IFAO
16 p.
gratuit - free of charge
Nathalie Favry
La double version de la biographie de Sarenpout Ier à Qoubbet al-Haoua.
The two versions of biographical inscription of nomarch Sarenput I in Qubbet al-Hawa are known as similar. However, a comparative study of this double version reveals some notable differences: the restitution of the gaps shows that certain parts of the text, at least in the introduction, cannot be identical and that the graphic and semantic differences are marked enough throughout the two contemporary versions.
This analysis allows to perceive thus the stages necessary to the realization of this type of text and to pose a series of interrogations: the existence of one or more "authors", the preliminary presence of one or two models into hieratic on perishable support and the realization by one or two scribes of the final versions. Lastly, proposals for fillings of the gaps in introduction of the version inside the tomb reveal that these two biographies, even if they are similar on many points, they are not completely similar as for their structures and their writings.- Nathalie Favry ( : 081690959)
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Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 103
2003 IFAO
22 p.
gratuit - free of charge
Elisa Fiore Marochetti, Alessandra Curti, Sara Demichelis, Francis Janot, Federico Cesarani, Renato Grilletto
«Le paquet»: sépulture anonyme de la IVe dynastie provenant de Gébélein.
In 1911 Ernesto Schiaparelli found at Gebelein an Old Kingdom burial inside a shaft. The anonym burial Suppl. 14061 conserved in the Egyptian Museum in Turin was investigated by a multidisciplinary research team. The wooden coffin maintain part of its painted decoration and the mummy was led in a crouched position in a sort of linen bundle and apparently was not eviscerated. The 3D reconstruction was able to identify all details of the mummy and of the burial equipment. This was composed by a pair of sandals and a wooden headrest. Two small fragments of papyrus dating to the IVth dynasty were found at the bottom of the shaft near the coffin.
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Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 103
2003 IFAO
9 p.
gratuit - free of charge
Pierre Grandet
Les ânes de Sennéfer (O. Ifao 10044).
First publication of O. Ifao 10044, a slab of limestone of 10 x 12 cm, found in 1930 south of the Great Pit of Deir el-Medina. The recto contains the proper names of six donkeys, all belonging to a Sennefer. The names of these donkeys, like human names, include a patronym (in one instance a matronym), one of these Ramesses. The verso only quotes a scribe Paykhery (?).
- Pierre Grandet ( : 03005799X)
Pierre Grandet a obtenu son doctorat en égyptologie (Paris IV-Sorbonne) en 1983 et une HDR (Paris IV-Sorbonne) en 1999. Il enseigne la langue et la civilisation égyptienne à l’Institut Khéops, Paris, depuis 1986, à l’Université catholique de l’Ouest, Angers, de 1986 à 2013, à l’Université de Poitiers (2009-2011) et à l’Université de Lille (2015-2016 et 2019-2020). Il est chargé de conférences en hiératique à la IVe Section de l’École pratique des Hautes Études de 2004 à 2010, chargé d’étude et de publication des ostraca hiératiques non-littéraires de l’IFAO depuis 1997 (publication des vol. VIII-XII du Catalogue des ostraca hiératiques non-littéraires de Deîr el-Médînéh, dans la série des Documents de fouilles de l’IFAO) et chargé d’étude et de publication des ostraca hiératiques du Musée du Louvre depuis 2006.