PINDER-WILSON, Ralph

TAIT, Hugh

Five Thousand Years of Glass

British Museum Press, London, 1991, p. 112-143

sans contexte archéologique without archaeological context

[601, 1900]

bol bowl bouteille bottle compte-goutte dropper cruche ewer fiole vial flacon flask gobelet beaker lampe lamp narguilé nargileh pot jar récipient zoomorphe zoomorphic vessel verre à boire drinking glass

gold sandwich glass" "gold sandwich glass" doré gilded décoration appliquée applied decoration facette facet-cut filets marbrés marvered trails gravé engraved imprimé à la pince impressed with tongs lustré stained, lustre-painted mosaïqué mosaic sculpté relief-cut soufflé dans un moule mould-blown taillé cut verre camée cameo glass émaillé enamelled

• Periods and centers of Islamic glass production:
– 8th-11th centuries: Syria, Egypt, Persia, Mesopotamia;
– 12th-15th centuries: Syria, Egypt;
– 16th-19th centuries: Persia, Turkey, India, western imports.

• Characteristics of the particular glass techniques and shapes:
– Continuation of the Sasanian style of wheel-cutting ”honeycomb” decoration among the early Islamic glass vessels from Persia. Influence of the Sasanian metalwork on Persian glass vessels (for ex. ewers).
– Opaque turquoise glass vessels (Egypt-Syria; 10th-13th century).
– So-called Hedwig glasses and the question of their origin (Byzantine, Islamic Near East or southern Italy (?); 12th-13th century).
– Invention of the lustre painting by glassmakers in Egypt - at least in the second half of the 8th century.
– Knowledge of the enamels and the gold painting in the 10th-11th centuries Byzantium. Independent (?) development of the enamelled and gilded techniques in the Islamic world (since the end of the 12th century).
– Common fund of themes and decorative designs used by glassmakers, metalworkers, stone- and wood-carvers and potters in Egypt and Syria during the Ayyubid and the Mamluk Periods.
– “Chinoiserie” motifs on gold-painted and enamelled glass vessels of Syria and Egypt (c. 1285 until c. 1400).
– Luxury glass of Murano exported to the imperial Ottoman court in Istanbul (since the end of the 15th century). Bohemian glass entered the Turkish market (since the end of the 17th century). The import of Spanish glass to the Ottoman Empire in the 15th, 16th and 18th centuries. Export of English glass vessels to India (late 18th-19th century).
– Glass factory at Beykoz - Turkey (established in the late 18th century) - vessels inspired by the glass of Venice and Bohemia. Shiraz factory - Persia (17th-19th century) - possibly the contribution of Venetian glass.

– Iconography: representation of the glazier’s guild - minature from the “Surname-i Humayun” (c. 1582) Istanbul, Topkapı Sarayı Museum.

figuration representation

	Afrique du Nord North Africa		consommation
Afghanistan Afghanistan	Khurasan		production consommation
Al-Andalous Al-Andalus			consommation
Angleterre England			production
Bohême Bohemia			production
Byzance Byzantium			production
Egypte Egypt		Fusṭāṭ	production consommation
Espagne Spain			production
Inde India			consommation
Irak Iraq			production consommation
		Samarra	consommation
Iran Iran			production consommation
		Nishapur	consommation
		Shiraz	production
	Golfe persique Persian Golf	Siraf	consommation
	Khurasan		consommation
Israël Israel		Jérusalem Jerusalem	consommation
Italie Italy		Venise Venice	production
Syrie Syria		Alep Aleppo	production
		Damas Damascus	production
		Raqqa	production
Turquie Turkey		Antioche Antioch	consommation
		Beykoz	production
		Konya	consommation
		Serçe Limanı	consommation
Yémen Yemen			consommation