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d’archéologie orientale - Le Caire

Verre byzantin et islamiqueByzantine and Islamic Glass

Maria Mossakowska-Gaubert

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OLCAY, Yelda B.
Lighting Methods in the Byzantine Period and Findings of Glass Lamps in Antatolia
JGS 43
The Corning Museum of Glass, Corning, 2001, p. 77-87

[301, 1200]
• Concept of light in Christianity in liturgical and spiritual contexts:
– written sources: Justinianus, Ignatius Theophorus, Symeon, John Klimax, Gregory Palamas, Gregorius of Nazianzos, Sophronius of Jerusalem, Paul Silentiarios, Symeon of Salonika, Egeria, ‘typicon’ of the Pantocrator Monastery.

• Church lighting according to the Pantocrator Monastery ‘typicon’ (1136):
– single lamps: ‘candelai’, ‘photogogoi’, ‘kaniskia’, ‘thryallides’, ‘crateres’;
– three lamps attached to one another: ‘tricandela’, ‘triphyeis thryallides’;
– lanterns: ‘phonaria’;
– candlesticks: ‘dodekaphotia’, ‘manoualia’, ‘ovelis-kolychniai’, ‘statareai’;
– metal strips with candle holders (?): ‘lamnai ve kosmetaritzia’;
– polycandela: ‘palamai’, stephanitai’;
– complex lamp: ‘choroi’;
– openwork holders containing glass lamps: ‘abenai’, ‘alysidia’, ‘bastagia’, ‘kremastaria’;
– ‘dracondaria’ - unknown meaning.

• Iconographical sources:
– paintings of the third southeastern chapel of Saint Nicholas Church in Myra (Demre).

• Typology of Byzantine glass lamps from excavations in Anatolia (sites: Saint Nicholas Church in Myra (Demre): 6th–12th century; Seyitgazi (Nakolea), theater at Iznik (Nicea), Tarsus “Cumhuriyet Square”):
– stemmed lamps: goblet with solid or hollow stem - commonly used in areas under Byzantine rule;
– lamps with handles: bowl-shaped lamps with handles, either on the edge of the rim or on the body - 4th–12th century;
– goblet lamps: lamps in the form of wineglass - 5th–9th century [question with regard to the identification of these objects as “lamps”].
Byzance Byzantium consommation
Turquie Turkey Iznik (Nicea) consommation
Myra consommation
Seyitgazi (Nakolea) consommation
Tarsūs consommation

Version 5, données dudata date 30 janvier 2013January 30th 2013